
the genocidal terrorism that the State of Israel has
been exercising against the Palestinian People.
The White Virgin of Vitoria festivities begin on August 4th.
August 6th commemorates the dropping of the atomic bomb by the USA on Hiroshima.
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The festivities in honour of the Virgen Blanca have been celebrated in Vitoria-Gazteiz since 1884 and begin on the eve, August 4th, in the Plaza de la Virgen Blanca , located in the heart of the city, where thousands of Vitorians and visitors gather to kick off the festivities with the descent of Celedón . The celebration of festivities in honour of the Virgen Blanca dates back to very ancient times; until 1883, events called the " Fiestas de Vitoria " were held during the first week of September. From 1884, following a municipal agreement, they were moved to August 5th, in honour of the Virgen Blanca . In 1953, the municipal council established the festive calendar as it is known today.
Life during the festivities . The festivities begin with the descent of Celedón , a puppet representing an ancient Alava villager, who crosses the square via a pulley system. Upon reaching the balcony of the Church of San Miguel , now transformed into a living member of a group of blouses, the traditional aurresku is danced for him. Thus begins the festivities , which last from August 4th to 10th, with the 5th being the Day of the Virgen Blanca . The protagonists of these festivities are the cuadrillas de blusas , groups of Vitorians who, dressed in traditional costumes, organize and lead numerous activities. Various shows, concerts, and open-air dances are held throughout the city, and orchestras and brass bands operate twenty-four hours a day.
José Luis Ruiz de Gordoa , author of the music of Badator Zeledon , is a Composer and teacher born in Araia (Álava-Araba) on February 23, 1957. He began his musical studies at the Vitoria-Gasteiz Conservatory . He later continued his studies in harmony in Pamplona with Aurelio Sagaseta and Pedro de Felipe ; counterpoint and fugue in Bilbao with Juan Cordero , and composition, first in Madrid with Antón García Abril and Román Alís and, in Vitoria-Gasteiz , with Carmelo Bernaola ; he has also worked as an orchestra conductor with Enrique García Asensio . He is a professor of counterpoint and fugue at the Jesús Guridi Conservatory in Vitoria-Gasteiz and is the author of several works in various genres. ( Excerpt from Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia )
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714-1788) was a German harpsichordist and composer, the second son of Johann Sebastian Bach from his first marriage, with whom he studied harpsichord, performance, and composition; he was one of the founders of Classicism . In 1738 he joined the court of Frederick the Great . Not feeling sufficiently appreciated, he left the court to move to Zittau and later to Leipzig . In 1768, after the death of Telemann , he succeeded him as Kapellmeister of Hamburg , where he lived until his death in 1788. Throughout his career he wrote numerous keyboard works, some two hundred chamber works, nineteen symphonies, fifteen concertos for various instruments, several songs and hymns, two oratorios, and twenty passions.
Classicism is the style of European art music developed between 1750 and 1820 by composers such as C.P.E. Bach, Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven , and other illustrious composers. It is characterized by clarity of texture, symmetrical phrases, the consolidation of full tonality, and the establishment of classical musical forms (symphony, sonata, quartet, concerto, etc.).
The 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment , and its aesthetics carried over into musical style: a taste for the natural, balanced, and clear; a rejection of the artifice and excessive sophistication of Baroque music; an imitation of nature, in the form of simple structures and symmetrical phrases similar to those of folk music; in opera, a verisimilitude and closeness to the audience of the plots, and an intimate integration of drama and music.
Today we offer the Piano Concerto in D M, Wq. 43/2 by CPE Bach , articulated in three movements: I (0´13´´) ALLEGRO DI MOLTO - ANDANTE - ALLEGRO DI MOLTO .-. II (7'14) ANDANTE WITH CADENZA (10'35''-12'48''); III (13´40´´) ALLEGRETO.
The concerto is performed by Anastasia Injushina , a Russian pianist who studied at the St. Petersburg Conservatory and has given notable performances both as a soloist and as a member of small chamber groups; she has also been invited to major international festivals.
Joaquín Malats i Miarons (1872-1912) was a Catalan pianist and composer, who studied with Juan Bautista Pujol at the Barcelona Conservatory. After making his debut at the age of fourteen (1886), he continued his studies at the Paris Conservatory , where he won first prize for piano and the Diémer Prize in 1903. He performed throughout Spain, France and Portugal with extraordinary success. He premiered a large part of Isaac Albéniz 's masterpiece: Iberia . As a composer, he wrote Impressions of Spain , Suite for a large orchestra , a Spanish Serenade , a Trio for piano, violin and cello , and various works for piano: mazurkas, dances, serenades ... The Barcelona Music Museum houses press articles, a correspondence with Isaac Albéniz and a large photographic collection of portraits of the pianist.
The serenade is a musical form conceived for a single instrument or small instrumental ensemble, which may consist of one or more movements. It was a diversion that achieved enormous popularity during the 18th century ; it was played at dusk, often outdoors, and was a delight at evening gatherings in the gardens of aristocratic palaces. The term "serenade" comes from the Italian " sera " (veil) or "al sereno" (in the open air, under the open sky), meaning it is music to be performed outdoors and at dusk. The origin of the serenade lies in the ballads that lovers would sing in front of their beloved's windows at dusk when something had gone wrong in their relationship.
In this video, Basque guitarist Andrea González Caballero offers us this Spanish Serenade .
Jesús Guridi (1886-1961) was born in Vitoria-Gazteiz into a musical family. After the family moved to Madrid , Guridi entered the Conservatory ; however, his parents' finances were not successful, so they moved to Bilbao , where, thanks to his patron, the Count of Zubiría , he was able to move to Paris and enter the Schola Cantorum to study piano, organ, counterpoint and composition. After completing his studies, he spent time in Belgium , Cologne and Munich to further his studies. Back in Bilbao , at the age of 21, he took over as director of the Bilbao Choral Society , a job he combined with that of organist at the Basilica (now the Cathedral) of Santiago . In 1939 he returned to Madrid as director of the Conservatory , where he died at the age of 75.
El Caserío is an early 20th-century zarzuela written by Federico Romero and Guillermo Fernández-Shaw , with music by Jesús Guridi . It premiered at the Teatro de la Zarzuela in Madrid on 11 November 1926. El caserío is a lyrical comedy in three acts with a costumbrista character, which depicts life in a contemporary Basque peasant village. Much of the music is inspired by Basque folklore. It is one of Guridi 's most important compositions. It is set in the imaginary village of Arrigorri , in Bizkaia . Typical characters are presented in a stereotypical way: the priest, the mayor, the secretary, the rich Indian, the tavern keeper...
The version we present today is conducted by the Guipuzcoan maestro José A. Irastorza .
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Hilario Extremiana (1958) is a composer and conductor born in Miranda de Ebro and based in Vitoria-Gazteiz . He began his musical studies with his father and with Manuel Celdrán . Later he studied Harmony and Composition in Vitoria with Carmelo Bernaola , and in Bilbao with Juan Cordero . In special courses he has also trained with Cristóbal Halffter, Luis de Pablo and Franco Donatoni . In Madrid he completed his higher studies in Composition with Antón García Abril and in Orchestra Conducting with Enrique García Asensio . He has been a professor of Harmony, Musical Forms and Director of the Orchestra of the Bilbao Conservatory and from 1999 to 2019 Principal Conductor of the Municipal Music Band of Vitoria-Gasteiz .
The txistu is a musical instrument belonging to the European family commonly known as the "three-hole flute." It is played with one hand (usually the left), leaving the other hand free to play the small drum that hangs from the arm used to play the txistu . Currently tuned in F, it is frequently accompanied by the whistle or txistu haundi , a lower-pitched instrument, tuned in B flat . The txirula , a higher-pitched instrument, belongs to the same family and is usually accompanied by the ttun ttun (string drum). The txistu is used in pilgrimages, parades, tributes, institutional events and in different types of concerts, both as a solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra, and forming a small txistu band , in which case the works are usually written for three voices (txistu 1st, txistu 2nd and whistle) with accompaniment from the tambourine and the snare drum, drum or snare drum.
Today the txistulari Aitor Amilibia offers us the work Honai by Hilario Extremiana (a piece originally written for txistu and accordion and transcribed for txistu and Music Band by the same author) accompanied by the Municipal Music Band of Vitoria-Gasteiz conducted by the same maestro Extremiana , author of the composition.
Georg Friedrich Haendel ( 1685-1759), born in Halle , Germany , is one of the leading figures in the history of music and, certainly, in the Baroque (1600-1750) era. He wrote numerous operas, cantatas and oratorios, among which we must highlight his masterpiece, the Oratorio Messiah . At the age of 18 he moved to Hamburg where he joined the Opera Orchestra . Three years later, he traveled to Florence and then to Rome . In 1710 he returned to Germany and from there to London where he settled under the tutelage of various patrons. Although he always showed himself to be very jealous of his private life, there are innumerable indications that lead us to suppose his homosexual inclinations. In London he acquired his British nationality and was appointed manager of the Opera House until his death in 1759.
Handel ’s Harp Concerto was published as an organ concerto in Opus 4 in 1738, and may have originally been composed that way. In fact, as published, the Concerto works on both instruments. Handel ’s organ concertos were written as interludes for him to play during his oratorios, on the organ he had available at the theater, a chamber organ with one keyboard and no pedalboard, so they do not include a part for playing with the feet in addition to the right and left hands. (Excerpted and translated from the Los Angeles Philharmonic article.)
The Concerto is structured in three movements: I (0´29´´) ANDANTE-ALLEGRO .-. II (5´02´´) LARGHETTO with the CADENZA (8´50´´) at the end of the 2nd movement (something rare at that time) and III (12´26´´) ALLEGRO MODERATO and performed by the very young (she was only 17 years old) American harpist Morgan Mackenzie Short .
Edvard Grieg (1843-1907) was a Norwegian composer and pianist, considered one of the main representatives of musical Romanticism. His mother, Gesine , was his first piano teacher; later, he met the legendary Norwegian violinist Ole Bull , a family friend and his mother's brother-in-law. Grieg adapted many themes and songs from Norwegian folklore, thus contributing to the creation of a Norwegian national identity, as Jean Sibelius did in Finland or Antonín Dvořák in Bohemia . His most important works are: the Piano Concerto in A minor , the intimate Lyric Pieces (for piano), the Holberg Suite (for string orchestra) and, especially, Peer Gynt, incidental music he wrote at the request of the writer Henrik Ibsen for his drama of the same name.
Catalogue of Grieg's works . His works are classified by their Opus number (from the Latin opus 'work'; op. abbreviation), which is a term used in music to catalogue the works of most composers since the 17th century .
The Holberg Suite, Op. 40 , originally titled " Suite from the Time of Holberg ", is a suite based on Baroque dance forms, composed by Edvard Grieg in 1884 to celebrate the bicentenary of the birth of the writer Ludvig Holberg .
It was originally composed for piano, but a year later it was adapted for string orchestra in five movements: I (0´ 14´´) PRÆLUDIUM .-. II (2´47´´) SARABANDE .-. III (6´51´´) GAVOTTE .-. IV (10´06´´) AIR .-. V (17´39´´) RIGAUDON.
Today we offer it in an accordion version, performed by Chinese accordionist Ruilin Li .
Krzysztof Penderecki (1933–2020) was a Polish classical composer and conductor, known for his compositional style, specifically recognizable in his atonal works, some of which have been used in famous films. He studied music at the Academy of Music in Kraków with Artur Malawski and Stanislaw Wiechowicz . After graduating in 1958, he took up a teaching position at the Academy . Penderecki 's early works show the influence of Igor Stravinsky, Anton Webern and Pierre Boulez . His international recognition began in 1959 at the Warsaw Autumn Festival with the premiere of the piece Lament for the Victims of Hiroshima .
Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima ( Lament for the Victims of Hiroshima ) is a musical composition for 52 bowed string instruments, composed in 1960 by Krzysztof Penderecki. The work's unorthodoxy, which mostly uses graphic notation, requires the musicians to play at various times at vague points in their register or to concentrate on certain textural effects. Penderecki attempted to enhance the effects of traditional chromaticism by using " hypertonality " (quarter-tone work); and integral serialism . The piece creates an overall musical texture that is more important than the individual notes as a whole; moreover, the Lament constitutes one of the most extensive elaborations on clusters.
Today we offer it in a version by the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Polish maestro Krzysztof Urbański .
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En Tol Sarmiento , also known as ETS , is a Basque ska group formed in 2005 in Lekora/Yécora (Araba/Álava). Throughout their career, they have performed more than 300 concerts throughout the Basque Country . They are characterized by cheerful and powerful rhythms and lyrics, both in Basque and Spanish, that address different themes. Although the group began alternating hedonistic lyrics with social criticism, their lyrics have evolved towards an existentialist theme, although without losing their social commitment (they deal with controversial issues such as hydraulic fracturing, the right to self-determination, gender violence or bullying) and the cheerful rhythms that have always characterized the Alava quintet.
Elis Regina Carvalho Costa (1945–1982) was a Brazilian singer, considered one of the greatest representatives of the musical genre known as Brazilian popular music (MPB). Many critics, musicians and performers consider her one of the best singers in Brazil . In 1956 she participated in the children's radio program O Clube do Gurí on Radio Farroupilha ; thus she obtained her first professional contract. In 1965 she released an LP with Jair Rodrigues , Dois na bossa , which set a national sales record. In 1974 she recorded the album Elis & Tom with singer-songwriter and musician Tom Jobim , considered by music critics to be one of the best bossa nova albums of all time. Her early death, at the age of 36, seems to have been due to an overdose of cocaine and alcohol.
Joshua Groban (born February 27, 1981), better known as Josh Groban , is an American singer-songwriter, composer, and occasional actor. He made his singing debut in seventh grade, but later dropped out for a few years. From 1997 to 1998, he attended Interlochen Arts Camp Michigan , taking musical theater courses; it was then that he began taking vocal lessons outside of school. In 1998, he met his mentor and producer David Foster . He attended Los Angeles County High School for the Arts , graduating in 1999. He later earned a bachelor's degree in drama from Carnegie Mellon University and was signed to Warner Bros. Records a year later by David Foster . Groban worked with Foster as a rehearsal singer on several highly acclaimed shows, including the 1999 Grammy Awards, where he performed " The Prayer " with Céline Dion as a replacement for Andrea Bocelli .
Four of his solo albums have been certified multi-platinum , and in 2007 he was named one of the best-selling artists in the United States ; to date, he has sold more than 25 million copies worldwide.
Carla Morrison (Tecate, Baja California; July 19, 1986) is a Mexican singer, songwriter, actress, activist and producer, who has won three Latin Grammy Awards : two, for Best Alternative Song with " Déjenme llorar " in 2012 and " Vez primera " in 2016 and one, for her debut album Déjenme llorar ; also certified platinum by the Mexican Association of Phonogram and Videogram Producers (AMPROFON). Throughout her musical career she has collaborated with artists such as Julieta Venegas, Elsa y Elmar, Teri Gender Bender, Gepe, León Larregui, Enrique Bunbury, Juan Gabriel, Leonel García, Eugenia León, Los Ángeles Azules, Esteman, Kinky, Vega, Macklemore & Ryan Lewis, Dani Martín, Lila Downs, J Balvin, Nicky Jam, Mon Laferte and Ricky Martin .
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Sergei Prokofiev (1891-1953) was a Soviet composer, pianist, and conductor, widely regarded as one of the foremost composers of the 20th century and the creator of numerous masterpieces in a variety of musical genres. His works include such popular pieces as the march for The Love for Three Oranges , the suite Lieutenant Kijé , the ballet Romeo and Juliet , Peter and the Wolf ... Within the established forms and genres in which he worked, he created seven complete operas, seven symphonies, eight ballets, five piano concertos, two violin concertos, one cello concerto, and nine completed piano sonatas. Upon his death, Arthur Honegger proclaimed that Prokofiev "will remain for us the greatest figure in contemporary music."
Cinderella ( Cendrillon, Cinderella ) is the Cinderella story , rendered in three acts , with music by Prokofiev . Today we attended the performance, with Sylvie Guillem as the principal dancer, accompanied by the Ballet de l'Opéra National de Paris.
The pizzica is a popular dance that was present until the 1970s in Puglia (Italy) and Basilicata (Italy). The pizzica is part of the large family of traditional dances called tarantella , as this motley group of dances spread throughout southern and central Italy since the Modern Age is often called. The pizzica was essentially a playful dance for moments of celebration and social conviviality; but it was practiced during therapeutic rituals by those bitten (real or supposed) by the tarantula Lycosa. In the same area as the pizzica , the tarantella has also continued to be practiced, so much so that today it is difficult even for adults to perceive the difference between the two dances.
Dancing to music is a universal way to celebrate festivals around the world. During the Han Dynasty , over 2,000 years ago, each Spring Festival required grand celebratory ceremonies across the country, from the palaces to the hinterland. The "musical dance" was, without a doubt, the main spectacle of the occasion. What were music and dance like in the Han Dynasty ? Let's enjoy it! ( Excerpt from the video's footnote )
Algara Dantza Taldea was founded on April 13, 2000. Initially, it consisted of 15 dancers from another dance group. Today, the group comprises 120 dancers and 20 musicians. Their goal is to promote Basque dance and culture; to this end, they create their own choreographies and perform them to the sounds of the trikitixa, txistu, alboka , and many other instruments. (Excerpt from Ohianeder Euskararen Etxea)
Fandango and Arin Arin. Within Basque Dance , the Basque fandango (0'20") with a triple rhythm and the arin-arin (3'24") with a double rhythm form the most common set of dances performed at festivals in the Basque Country . Both dances, danced by mixed couples, bear a certain resemblance to other similar dances in the Basque Country and to the double pavane and the triple gallarda , which were already danced during the Renaissance . Today, the Basque fandango has a triple rhythm, written in 3/8 time, and features square phrases organized into eight-bar modules. The arin arin is the other dance in the pair we have referred to; a dance with a double rhythm, structurally similar to the fandango , with square phrases composed of eight-bar modules. (Texts extracted from Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia)
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Various Wikipedia articles have been used to write these texts.
The texts of Videomusicalis are written in Basque, Spanish and English.